• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    INSECT INSPECTION CYLINDER WITH OPEN END FOR CONNECTION, IN USE, TO AN OUTLET OF A MEDIUM TO INTERCEPT FLYING INSECTS AND INSECT TRAP. This is in situ monitoring of insects and, in particular, an insect inspection cylinder and trap to facilitate this monitoring. The trap comprises a means for intercepting flying insects and directing them to an inspection cylinder which is connected to an outlet of the medium% for intercepting flying insects. An insect detector is associated with the cylinder to detect insects within it and a camera is associated with the cylinder and the detector to capture images of insects within the cylinder. In which the sectional dimensions of the inspection cylinder are dimensioned to prevent insects selected for observation from flying through it, but instead requiring them to walk through it.
    公开号:BR112013010077B1
    申请号:R112013010077-0
    申请日:2011-10-31
    公开日:2020-11-17
    发明作者:Mikhail Afanasyev；Nancy Schellhorn；Luke Hovington；Anna Marcora；Darren Craig Moore
    申请人:Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    TECHNICAL FIELD
    [001] This invention relates to the in situ monitoring of insects and, in particular, to an insect inspection cylinder and trap to facilitate monitoring. BACKGROUND OF THE TECHNIQUE
    [002] The Malaise insect trap is used to collect flying insects for classification and study. This type of trap uses a large screen tent to intercept flying insects and then direct them to a closed collection cylinder. Scientists periodically empty the cylinder, usually on a weekly basis, and record the dead insects that were captured. DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
    [003] The invention is an insect inspection cylinder with an open end for connection that, in use, is connected to an outlet of a medium to intercept flying insects. An insect detector is associated with the inspection cylinder to detect insects inside it and a camera is associated with the cylinder and the detector to capture images of insects inside the cylinder. The cut dimensions of the inspection cylinder are sized to prevent insects selected for observation from flying through it, but instead requiring them to walk through it.
    [004] In one example, the cylinder has a rectangular section and the cut dimensions are the lengths of the sides of that rectangle.
    [005] The invention is also an entire insect trap that comprises a means for intercepting flying insects and directing them to an inspection cylinder with an open end that is connected to an outlet of the medium for intercepting flying insects. Again, an insect detector is associated with the inspection cylinder to detect insects within it and a camera is associated with the cylinder and the detector to capture images of insects within the cylinder. The camera can be a video camera or a single image capture device that captures a sequence of images.
    [006] The invention allows automated insect monitoring. It is particularly suitable for assessing both insect behavior and image quality.
    [007] Another advantage of the invention is to enable species detection and real-time monitoring of insects present at a specific time and location. Current systems collect insects over a period of time that record species, but not collection times. Alternatively, they count insect numbers over time, recording the collection time, but not the species. The invention facilitates the simultaneous recording of the collection time and type of insect. The time when a specific insect arrives is very useful information for entomologists.
    [008] The means for intercepting flying insects, or "trap head", may be a tent of the type used in the Malaise trap. However, any other types of flight interception traps could be used, such as light traps (which can turn an insect attraction light on and off), and chemical-based traps (for example, pheromones). Or any combination of such traps.
    [009] The inspection cylinder can be rectangular in cross-section and form a channel that is narrow enough to require selected insects to pass through. The channel width can be adjustable. Alternatively, the presence of a barrier, such as a maze, can be used to prevent insects from flying through the cylinder, forcing them to walk.
    [010] One or more of the inspection cylinder walls can be transparent to allow a camera to be mounted above them and to capture images of insects. Typically, the transparent wall can be above the inspection cylinder so that the camera can capture images of insects from above. Part of the interior of the inspection cylinder can be coated with a non-stick coating, for example Teflon, which discourages insects from walking on the wrong channel wall. An alternative may be to interrupt the surface of the wrong walls to make it more difficult for insects to walk on them; for example by adhering small plastic barriers through them.
    [011] Insects can pass over a multicolored background, such as ribbons of known size, which allows images of good contrast across a wide range of insect colors and provides information on the size of the insect.
    [012] Once the detector detects an insect, images of the insect are captured and recorded along with the date and time. The layout allows the camera to take many close-up photos of high quality insects, which aids identification; without causing damage to insects. The camera can transfer the insect images to a base station for later review and possibly automated classification.
    [013] The camera can be a video camera. A video camera allows for much easier counting of insects and does not require scientists to spend hours of their time selecting insects.
    [014] The dimensions of the rectangular cylinder can be adjustable, so they can be readily changed to inspect different insects.
    [015] Insects inside the inspection cylinder can be detected using an infrared detector. Alternatively or additionally, insects can be detected by looking for movement in the video.
    [016] Once the insects have crossed the inspection cylinder they are free to escape back to the environment unharmed. Alternatively, they can be captured for later evaluation.
    [017] The lack of moving parts means that the trap is more durable and easier to clean and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [018] The two examples of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
    [019] Figure 1 is a diagram of an insect trap that shows internal details of the inspection cylinder.
    [020] and
    [021] Figure 2 is a diagram of an alternative trap arrangement.
    [022] Figure 3 is a diagram of an alternative trap arrangement with a removable labyrinth.
    [023] Figure 4 is a diagram of a labyrinth in the inspection cylinder. BEST MODE OF THE INVENTION
    [024] Insect trap 10 comprises a large tent 12 for intercepting flying insects and directing them to an inspection cylinder 20 which is connected to the upper outlet 14 of tent 12.
    [025] The open-ended inspection cylinder 20 has an acrylic glass wall 22 and, parallel thereto, a movable wall 24 which has the capacity to be advanced towards the glass wall 22; and away from it. A manually operable threaded mechanism 30 is provided for this purpose (shown only in Figure 1). The mechanism 30 is adjusted so that the insects of current interest only have space to walk between the plates 22 and 24. The internal surface of the transparent plate 22 is coated with a Teflon film to make it difficult for the insects 40 to climb. the same. This results in more insects traversing in the orientation shown. Once they have passed through the cylinder the insects are able to fly as indicated by arrow 42.
    [026] A camera system 60 that records images of the insects that pass through the cylinder 20 is mounted on a platform 50 outside the glass wall 22. The camera system 60 is left in a quiescent state in which it has the capacity to detect changes in the images being captured and respond by recording the changing images and marking them with time and date. The recorded images can be stored on the camera for later download or transmitted, for example, over a wireless link to a base station (not shown).
    [027] A feature of the invention is that it offers data collection and insect monitoring "in real time". To be able to make this claim it was necessary to ensure, once the insect entered the malaise trap, that it was then able to enter, move through and exit the device in a timely manner in order to accurately reflect the insect movement " in real time "in the data. To test this feature, multiple insect releases were made on different days, at different times of the day with varying climatic conditions and the behavior of the insect within the trap and device was observed over time. It was observed that within 10 minutes at least 80% of the insects released into the trap had already moved through the device, with most of the remaining insects passing through the system within 15 to 20 minutes from the time of release. Recalling that these traps collect a vast array of insects that move at different speeds; for example, a fly would move through the trap and device faster than say a beetle. The results really reflect the insect movement "in real time" in the field.
    [028] Another important feature of this invention is the ability to obtain quality images of an insect as it passes through the cylinder, resulting in the insect's ability to be identified to an appropriate taxonomic level of the image. For most insects, having a lateral or dorsal image is more useful than a ventral image for identification, and a combination of two or more angles is very useful for reliable identification from an image. The design of a "labyrinth" inside the cylinder as well as the angle and orientation the cylinder is located in the trap, helps to ensure that in most cases the insect moves through the moving device that is positioned for a lateral or dorsal image be obtained as it passes in front of the camera and is in focus at some point.
    [029] To test accuracy, nine release tests were performed at different times of the day over a three-day period. The images of insects obtained during these releases were identified, counted and compared with the data collected from the manual selection of a trap collection for each release. It was observed that 80.5% of the time a dorsal and / or lateral image of the insect was obtained, with a ventral image only obtained 11.6% of the time and a completely blurry non-identifiable image obtained 7.8% of the time. In most cases the level of identification achieved from the image equaled the same level of identification from the real specimen and in most cases accurate identification was also possible with a ventral image only. When comparing the total number of insects, four of the nine tests resulted in the total number of insects counted from the images, equaling the total number of insects counted during manual selection of specimens. With the remaining five tests, there was an average difference of only six more insects in the total image count compared to the actual specimen count. The main difference was observed between the time taken to examine the images compared to the time taken to manually examine the specimens. Of the nine tests, they required approximately three or four times more time to examine the images compared to manual examination of actual insect specimens. Having said that, it has been mentioned on several occasions that the potential and vision for this device in the future is to also offer automated image identification through the use of a type of recognition software, thereby making the above mentioned problem of time enhanced, redundant image selection. INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION 1. The invention is adapted or incorporated into a conventional interception trap. 2. It captures a sequence of high magnification images of insects as they pass through the trap. 3. It encourages insects to pass through the trap in the desired orientation for identification. 4. There is no need to collect, eliminate or handle insects. 5. It detects when the insects are in the trap. 6. It records the date and time of insect events, which results in a high temporal resolution. 7. It also records environmental conditions, such as temperature, humidity, light, etc. 8. It captures images of active insects. 9. It is designed to accommodate a range of insect sizes for any single event capture (for example, 3 to 15mm). 10. By capturing an image sequence (instead of just one) the probability of acquiring a high quality image (focus, insect pose, etc.) is maximized. A high-quality image of each insect is a prerequisite for image-based classification, whether manual or automated. 11. Insects are forces that cover a range of object distances, therefore, guaranteed to be within the depth of field. 12. The same is a range of mechanisms to maximize very high quality images obtained. 13. It transmits a subset of insect images to the user, for example, over a 3G network or over the Internet 14. The potential to automatically monitor the state of the trap, for example, alerting the user when the trap entry becomes blocked by a spider web. 15. The potential for real-time identification through automated image classification, or near real-time identification through the transmission of an image to a human specialist. 16. The potential for multiple traps to operate as a grid. The operation of each trap can be synchronized with others in the grid. Potentially there is no need for only one trap in the grid to have access to the internet 17. Low cost - design based on non-costly off-the-shelf components. 18. Field ready, waterproof. 19. The potential for wide application to a range of insect monitoring problems (biosafety, agriculture, biodiversity, etc.). 20. There is no need to capture / eliminate insects, but it may be required. 21. Provides the insect size.
    [030] Although the invention has been described with reference to a particular example it should be appreciated that many variations are possible. For example, other means of collecting insects and directing them to the inspection cylinder can be used, in addition to Malaise's tent. In addition, other mechanisms can be used to adjust the dimensions of the inspection cylinder. The dimensions can be adjustable in both transverse dimensions, and need not be rectangular in cross section. An additional cross-sectional shape may have a flattened glass side and a curved back, which would make it harder for insects to stay in the corners. Any suitable imaging system can be used. And, post-image processing can be performed automatically, on the camera or remotely. In addition, additional lighting sensors, weatherproof sensors and other sensors can allow operation in unsatisfactory weather conditions or at night.
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [0001]
    1. INSECT MONITORING DEVICE, characterized by: an insect inspection cylinder with an open end (20) for connection at one end, in use, to an outlet (14) of a means for intercepting flying insects (12) an insect trap trap (10), where: the cut dimensions of the inspection cylinder are sized to prevent an insect selected for observation from flying through the inspection cylinder, and instead require the insect to walk through the cylinder inspection; an insect detector (60) associated with the inspection cylinder to detect insects inside the inspection cylinder, and a camera system (60) associated with the inspection cylinder and the insect detector to capture images of insects inside the detected inspection cylinder by the insect detector.
    [0002]
    2. DEVICE (10), according to claim 1, characterized in that the inspection cylinder (20) has a rectangular section and the cut dimensions are the lengths of the sides of the rectangle.
    [0003]
    3. INSECT TRAP (10), characterized by comprising: an insect monitoring device, as defined in claim 1; and a means for intercepting flying insects (12) having an inlet and an outlet (14), the outlet being configured to connect and direct intercepted flying insects to the inspection cylinder (20) of said insect monitoring device.
    [0004]
    4. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized by the means for intercepting flying insects (12) being a tent for intercepting flying insects and directing them to the inspection cylinder (20).
    [0005]
    5. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized in that the inspection cylinder (20) has a rectangular section and the cut dimensions are the lengths of the sides of the rectangle.
    [0006]
    6. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized in that the inspection cylinder (20) has a flat side and a curved rear and narrow enough to require the selected insects to walk through it.
    [0007]
    7. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized in that one or more of the walls (22) of the inspection cylinder (20) are transparent to allow a camera (60) to be mounted in front of them and capture images of insects.
    [0008]
    8. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 7, characterized in that the transparent wall (22) is arranged to capture lateral or dorsal images of insects.
    [0009]
    9. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized in that the inside of the inspection cylinder (20) is coated to discourage the insect from walking on the wrong channel wall.
    [0010]
    10. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized in that the inside of the inspection cylinder (20) is shaped or textured to discourage the insect from walking on the wrong channel wall.
    [0011]
    11. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized in that once the insect detector (60) detects an insect, the images of the insect are captured by the camera system (60) and the camera system be configured to record images along with the date and time.
    [0012]
    12. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 11, characterized in that an infrared detector detects insects inside the inspection cylinder (20).
    [0013]
    13. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 11, characterized in that the insect detector is configured to detect insects inside the inspection cylinder (20) looking for movement in the video.
    [0014]
    14. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized in that the camera system (60) is configured to transfer the images of insects to a base station.
    [0015]
    15. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 14, characterized in that the base station is configured to automatically classify the images of insects.
    [0016]
    16. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized by the camera system (60) including a video camera.
    [0017]
    17. INSECT TRAP (10), according to claim 3, characterized by the sectional dimensions of the inspection cylinder (20) being adjustable.
    [0018]
    18. INSECT TRAP (10) according to claim 17, characterized in that the cut dimensions of the inspection cylinder (20) are adjustable to require insects to walk through the cylinder.
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-10-01| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-03-10| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2020-07-07| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-11-17| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 31/10/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AU2010904838|2010-10-29|
    AU2010904838A|AU2010904838A0|2010-10-29|A Real-Time Insect Monitoring Device|
    PCT/AU2011/001396|WO2012054990A1|2010-10-29|2011-10-31|A real-time insect monitoring device|
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